Yoshihiro Waki (1,2), Takashi Horita (2), Ken-ichi Miyamoto (2), Keiichi
Ohya (1) and Shohei Kasugai (1,*)
(1) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and
Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
(2) Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Natural
Science & Technology, Kanazawa University,13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa
920-0934, Japan
(*) To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract: We have reported that denbufylline, a phosphodiesterase
4 (PDE4) inhibitor, inhibits bone loss in Walker256/S tumor-bearing rats,
suggesting therapeutic potentiality of a PDE4 inhibitor in osteopenia. In
the present study, effects of a new PDE4 inhibitor, 1-n-butyl-3-n-propylxanthine
(XT-44), in bone were evaluated in cell cultures and animal experiments.
In rat bone marrow culture, XT 44 stimulated mineralized-nodule formation,
whereas it inhibited osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse bone marrow
culture. In Walker256/S-bearing rats (6-week-old female Wistar Imamichi
rats), rapid decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) was prominent, and oral
administration of XT-44 (0.3 mg/kg, every 2 days) inhibited the decrease
in BMD. In the second animal experiment, female Wistar rats (6-week-old)
were sciatic neurectomized, and XT-44 was orally administered to these rats
every 2 days for 4 weeks. XT-44 administration (0.3 mg/kg) recovered BMD
in these neurectomized animals. Furthermore, 19-week-old, female Wistar
rats were ovariectomized (OVX), and 15 weeks after surgery, these rats were
orally administered XT-44 every 2 days for 8 weeks. XT-44 treatment (1 mg/kg)
increased the BMD of OVX rats. These results indicate that XT-44 could be
a candidate as a therapeutic drug for treating osteopenia including osteoporosis.
Keywords: Phosphodiesterase 4, Inhibitor, Walker256 carcinosarcoma, Sciatic
neurectomized rat, Ovariectomized rat